By Jessica Parker, BBC Berlin Correspondent
It’s an alleged coup plot featuring a German aristocrat, a “massive arsenal” of weapons and the belief that Queen Elizabeth II’s death might have been a secret “signal” to act.
The trial of nine men and women allegedly connected to the so-called Reichsbürger movement got under way on Tuesday with those accused of being ringleaders appearing before judges.
Prosecutors say they hatched a conspiracy to violently overthrow the German government and accuse them of being members of a “terrorist organisation”.
Investigators say the plotters had planned to storm the Reichstag and that they were conspiracy theorists who believed the country was being run by a “deep state”.
“They’re not terrorists. They’re slightly crazy,” said defence lawyer Roman von Alvensleben. “They’ve followed conspiracy theories and they found each other during corona in their resistance against corona measures.”
The hearing in Frankfurt on Tuesday is the highest profile of three trials following nationwide raids in 2022.
The case is seen as highly significant because of both its size and the potential insights it could give into far-right networks.
The Reichsbürger, or citizens of the Reich, is a loose, disparate group that denies the legitimacy of the modern German state – even claiming it was installed by the victorious Allied powers after World War Two.
Domestic intelligence has estimated that around 23,000 people follow the movement which displays “antisemitic attitudes” and a “high affinity” for weapons.
It’s alleged that those on trial followed Reichsbürger narratives and drew up plans for an armed group to enter the national parliament in Berlin and arrest MPs on what was called “Day X”.
According to the indictment, there were discussions about whether the death of the late Queen Elizabeth II was a “signal”.
Much of the attention has focused on Heinrich XIII Prince Reuss, a real estate developer from Frankfurt who is descended from an aristocratic family, the House of Reuss.
It’s alleged the 72-year-old held meetings of the group’s “central council” at his home in east Germany and was earmarked as the “head of state”, had the coup succeeded.
But his lawyer, Roman von Alvensleben, said that while Prince Reuss had invited people to his castle for political discussions, he was incapable of being behind such a scheme.
“He denies he was ever violent. He denies that he ever wanted to kill people or made any plans to do so,” he said.
According to the indictment, he’d have been responsible for negotiating a peace treaty with the Allies – and had appeared at the Russian consulate in Leipzig, as part of attempts to reach out to Moscow.
Also standing trial is former judge and MP for the far-right Alternative for Deutschland party, Birgit Malsack-Winkemann.
Prosecutors say she used her access rights to parliamentary properties to “smuggle” in co-conspirators to scout the area – and was responsible for the justice department on the group’s central council.
Their plans to reorganise Germany’s political structures would have involved a take-over of institutions at a state and local level. It is alleged that members were aware that this would “involve killing people”.
The “council” was to act as the central body while a “military arm” – consisting of 286 units – would have enforced the new order nationwide.
Prosecutors say the group had access to a “massive arsenal” of weapons including firearms, ammunition as well as night vision devices and handcuffs.
The association also had financial resources of around 500,000 euros, according to the indictment.
Over time, members are said to have become “increasingly isolated” from the outside world.
Jan Rathje, a senior researcher at the extremism monitoring agency CeMAS, says conspiratorial, sovereigntist movements can be dated back to a wish by some former Nazis to re-establish a National Socialist German Reich.
He says that the Reichsbürger movement, which has a violent, far-right tradition, has been dangerously underestimated.
“People always thought these were crazy people just writing crazy letters to the government,” he adds.
Mr Rathje says that even though the alleged coup attempt would likely not have succeeded, people still could have been seriously hurt.
“On a symbolic level, this would have been a success for these radical forces because they would have struck against the government in a violent way and this might promote the idea that the government is weak.”
The trials – split into three because of the case’s size – are taking place in Stuttgart, Frankfurt and Munich.
